What Are the Parts of Powder Metallurgy Molds?

Powder metallurgy molds are tools used to press metal powder into shape and sinter it into dense metal parts. This mold plays a central role in the powder metallurgy process, and its design and material selection are critical.

1. Sprue (gate sleeve): directly in contact with the nozzle of the beer machine. When the beer machine is injecting glue, it must pass through the sprue before entering the mold core
2. Positioning ring (ring): used for convenient alignment when the mold is on the beer machine (mold frame);
3. Template: Support the entire mold together with the bottom plate;
4. Ejector protection switch: when the ejector plate is not retracted, the switch is not connected. At this time, the circuit is disconnected, and the front and rear molds cannot be closed, thereby ensuring that the front mold will not hit the ejector due to the ejector not being retracted, thus avoiding damage to the mold;
5. Ejector rod hole: after the forming is completed, the ejector rod pushes the ejector plate, and the ejector plate moves forward to eject the product;
6. Water outlet pull rod: used to pull the water outlet plate apart when opening the mold, so that the water outlet is easy to remove;
7. Guide column: plays a guiding role when the front and rear molds are closed (a total of 4); the "guide column" in the mold is also called the "guide column", and its function is to guide. The function of the mold's guide device is to guide the upper mold and the lower mold to align in the correct position. The most common guide device is the guide pin and guide sleeve.
8. Waterway interface: When the mold temperature continues to rise during production, water transportation allows the mold to be produced at a constant temperature, thereby ensuring the stability of the product;
9. Inclined guide pin: When the spring of the slide does not work during mold opening, the inclined guide will drive the slide to withdraw backward (the inclined guide is fixed on the front mold). It is also called the bevel or bent pin: used as a moving slider for repeated movement;
10. Shovel: When closing the mold, the slide is pushed forward by the inclined surface. The shovel is fixed on the front mold (the mating surface between the shovel and the slide is an inclined surface);
11. Slide: Installed on the rear mold;
12. Slide gasket: used to increase the slide The wear resistance of the position; (the product has a buckle position, so a sliding position is required)
13. Return pin: It plays a guiding role when the ejector pin is ejected and retreated, and ensures that after the front and rear molds are closed, the ejector plate can be retreated to the position because the return pin is in contact with the front mold base (a total of 4); (the product is ejected by the ejector pin, inclined ejector, and ejector sleeve)
14. Ejector sleeve pin: It is fixed on the bottom plate. When the ejector plate is ejected, the ejector sleeve pin remains stationary; a headless screw is locked at the cup head of the ejector sleeve pin. The diameter of the headless screw depends on the size of the mold. For example, for a small mold, the distance is 5MM, and for a large mold, it is 10MM.
15. Ejector sleeve: When there is a circular bone position on the product, and the depth of the bone position is relatively high, it is easy to stick to the mold when it is ejected, then consider making an ejector sleeve; the ejector sleeve has an ejection function, and the ejector sleeve is fixed on the ejector plate.
16. Slanted ejector: When ejecting from the mold, the inclined ejector pushes upward along the inclined direction (angle 90°). After the inclined ejector is ejected from the mold, the distance between the inclined ejector and the product buckle position must be more than 0.5MM to ensure that the product will not buckle to the inclined ejector when ejecting from the mold;
17. Ejector (ejector tube): ejects the product from the mold core. It has the same function as the ejector pin, but is generally used for demolding of cylinders with fine holes in the center of the product;
18. Ejector pin: used for forming the column hole of the product, used with the ejector, not for demolding;
19. Support column (support head): supports the B plate, Deformed due to pressure during injection molding; Screw from the bottom of the panel to the bottom of the B plate;
20. Trash nail: Supports the ejector plate. Due to its small area, it can prevent trash from accumulating on it, making the ejector plate uneven or deformed; Draw from the bottom of the ejector plate;
21. Water delivery hole: Used for effective cooling of the mold to keep the mold temperature within a certain range; 22. Nozzle: Installed on the mold water delivery hole, used to connect the cooling water pipe of the beer machine, generally made of copper;
22. Pull rod: A. Diverter pull rod: Because the plastic stored in the diverter is not Easy to fall off, so that the cold material can fall off when the mold is opened; B. Gate pull rod: When the mold is opened, the main channel condensate is pulled out from the gate sleeve to facilitate separation from the injection molding machine nozzle. Generally, it is at the end of the cold material hole. The diameter of the pull rod is equal to the diameter of the large end of the gate inner diameter, so as to groove the cold material;
23. Slider: It is an important part for completing the side core pulling. It is used with the guide slide groove and driven by the inclined guide column to perform side core pulling;
24. Slider (slider groove): It is a sliding horizontal mold. It is generally used when there are concave and convex shapes on the side of the product. It is divided into a rectangular row (T-slot) and a dovetail type. , so that the slider drives the molding core to pull the core smoothly and accurately, and its width tolerance can be relaxed;
25. Spring: plays a reset role;
26. Small pull rod: has the same function as the pull rod, plays a limiting role, and is the main accessory in the double parting surface mold (fine water outlet);
27. Limit pin (stop block): plays a limiting role, and is often used in the mold frame to limit the top plate (on the back of the B plate or the front of the top plate); Limit pin: limits the ejection stroke of the ejector plate;
28. Exhaust groove: used to exhaust the air in the mold itself and the gas generated by the heating of the plastic. Common processing in the parting, surface and hot runner plate. There are also guide column ventilation grooves, which are generally processed on the upper clamping plate and the square iron close to the guide sleeve;
29. Positioning steel ball: mainly used to stop the slider (sliding seat);
30. Lifting ring: also called ring head screw cone; used for hanging mold;
31. Middle bracket: installed on the ejector assembly plate, used to guide the ejection system;
32. Resin opener (nylon rubber plug): mainly used to increase the mold opening resistance between the fixed and movable molds, to ensure that the runner plate, panel and fixed mold plate are opened before the fixed mold plate and movable mold plate are opened; Design considerations:

⑴ The nylon plug of the resin opener should be embedded in the movable mold plate 3 MM;

⑵ The opening of the fixed template should be chamfered R and polished to prevent scratching the nylon plug. If it is made into a bevel chamfer, it is easy to wear the surface of the nylon plug, reducing the service life of the nylon plug;

⑶ An exhaust device should be added to the bottom of the fixed template hole;

⑷ The hole in the fixed template matching the nylon plug should be polished;

⑸ Never add oil to the nylon plug, because adding oil will reduce its friction;

⑹ The product itself has been trimmed by a precision automatic lathe, and the roundness can reach within 0.01 MM, thereby increasing the contact area of ​​the nylon plug;

⑺ It is not necessary to tighten the screws too much when using;

⑻ Determination of the number of nylon plugs: For molds with a mass of less than 100 kg, use 12 * 4 diameters; for molds with a mass of less than 500 kg, use 16 * 4 diameters; for molds with a mass of less than 1000 kg, use 20 * 4 diameters. If the mass exceeds 1000 kg, use 20 * 4 diameters. kg or more, the number increases to more than 6;

34. Heat insulation board: Because the mold temperature is higher than the injection molding machine, the main function of the heat insulation board is to prevent heat dissipation;
35. Inserts: Save materials, molds and labor; A. Generally speaking, if the bone position is higher than 8 MM, you should consider making inserts to facilitate mold saving and exhaust; B. The distance between the insert and the edge should be 0.05 ~ 0.1 MM to prevent over-saving when saving materials; C. Make inserts for the convenience of mold saving; D. If the product has a stopper, make a large insert, and do not insert through the insert; (0 ~ 1 degree bevel) E. Cylinders and round holes should be considered as inserts to facilitate processing. For inserts and round inserts, if the top glue position is uneven or the shape is asymmetrical, positioning and anti-rotation should be done;
36. Screw pull rod: fix the mold opening stroke of the upper fixed plate and the stripper plate;
37. Pulling gate plate: fix the pulling needle;
38. Front and rear mold inserts: fix the runner plate and the front and rear mold cores;
39. Pulling needle: pull the gate;
40. Back mold insert needle and sleeve: mainly used for product cup mouth molding;
41. Ejector: eject the material belt to separate the material belt from the mold; it is part of the ejector position; 42. External pull rod: used to open the cavity and limit the mold opening distance of the cavity;
42. Flat ejector (flat pin) : Mainly used for ejecting the ribs of plastic products, as well as long strips of glue. Flat ejectors are used for those that cannot be placed with round ejectors; it is used to eject deeper glue positions;
43. Copper male: Copper male is used to shape the places that cannot be processed; the purpose of making copper male is to prepare for the glue positions (such as bone positions) that cannot be processed. It is made into the shape of the glue position, and then the glue position that cannot be processed is processed by electric sparks, and the undercut needs to be manufactured by oblique guide pillars;
44. Pillow position: The local shape of the formed product;
45. Tiger's mouth: Positioning the front and rear mold cores;
46. Insert pin: It is a part of the local glue position;
47. Support insert pin: It is used to eject products with holes below 2 MM;
48. Shovel machine: Installed opposite the slider and behind the oblique guide pillar. Generally, the angle of the locking module is 3~5° greater than the angle of the oblique guide pillar. When the slider is in the moving mold, the locking module is on the fixed mold. When closing the mold, the locking module is against the slider behind the slider to prevent the slider from moving backward due to the pressure of injection molding during injection molding, which in turn affects the size of the injection molded part. The locking module plays the role of locking the mold slider. When the movable and fixed molds are separated during mold opening, the locking module is also separated from the slider at the same time. At this time, the slider will be pulled back by the inclined guide column or the hydraulic core pulling mechanism to complete the core pulling process.
49. Locking module: It prevents the movable and fixed molds from opening during the lifting, loading and unloading, and transportation of the mold to protect the mold. It must be opened during production injection molding. Generally, one small mold is enough, and two or more large molds are installed.
50. Prying mold corner: Pry open the corner of each plate of the mold;